Spiritual death is humanity's separation and alienation from God because of sin. It describes a person's condition outside spiritual fellowship and life with God, not the inability to hear, understand, or respond to God's call.

Synergism is the view that God and human beings both have a role in salvation. The term can mean that God's grace and a person's response are both necessary, but it does not by itself establish that the human response earns salvation or shares in Christ's saving work.